F = 0 , 25 M
M
M1
M2
F = 0 , 25 M
M
M1
M2
F = 0 , 25 M
M
M1
M2
GENERAL RESCUE PRINCIPLES
I n f o r m a t i o n i s n o n - e x h a u s t i v e . R e f e r t o t h e o t h e r p a g e s a s w e l l a s t h e I n s t r u c t i o n s f o r U s e a n d t e c h n i c a l m a n u a l s . T e c h n i c a l t r a i n i n g i s e s s e n t i a l .
Example of access from below
Example of access from above Rope clamp for hauling
Example of counterbalance
Upward Downward
Horizontally
1 . Accessing the victim
Accessing the victim can sometimes be complicated . Rope access
techniques are used in these cases . When access is possible from
above , rescuers use rope descent techniques . If an access rope is
in place , rescuers can ascend the rope using handled and ventral
rope clamp techniques . In other situations , rescuers are obliged to
use climbing techniques to reach the victim .
Inert suspension in a harness , even for a short time , can cause
serious physiological harm . In the event of an accident , it is
important to respond quickly with the appropriate technique .
Self - Rescue
On sites where the main access could be cut off by fire , people
must be ready to quickly evacuate the building . They have
evacuation kits . These kits are either portable or installed
permanently on the structure . When there is no existing anchor ,
a hook - based system can be used . In both cases , teams must
be regularly trained so they don ’ t panic in the event of a fire .
On - Site Rescue
When a worksite is being set up , the company must establish
a risk prevention plan ( inventory of risk situations ) :
1 . It must protect the personnel from falls from height .
The solutions chosen , whether collective or individual ,
must protect the team members while they work .
2 . In the event of an incident , the company must be prepared
with rescue systems for accessing , releasing , and evacuating
the victim .
These solutions are established with :
- Ready - to - use rescue kits , adaptable to many situations and
simple to use
- Personal equipment for the worker at height ( solution requiring
experienced and well - trained teams )
In both cases , the teams undergo regular training , so they can
respond quickly in the event of an accident .
Technical Rescue
Technical rescue teams must be able to respond quickly in any
situation . They must choose the quickest , most effective way to
access the victim .
- When access is easy or possible by motorized means ,
they can easily transport the rescue equipment
- In more difficult access situations , they may use rope access
techniques from above or below , and their equipment will be
lightweight and versatile
- Finally , a helicopter can be used when victim access is
complicated and / or remote , for example in the mountains
Cable Lift Evacuation
Cable lift evacuation operations follow an evacuation plan .
Rescue kits are put together to meet the specific needs of
each operator .
3 . Evacuating the victim
Downward , the evacuation is done with a descender .
This is the easiest technique currently in use . When downward
evacuation is impossible , the victim is evacuated upward or
horizontally . Upward , rescuers use either a counterweight or
hauling technique . Horizontally , one or more ropes are tensioned .
One rope is used for the carriage , another is used as a backup
belay , and another to move the litter .
2 . Releasing the victim
Raising
This involves using a mechanical advantage pulley system in
order to easily raise the victim . A rescuer working alone uses a
mechanical advantage system to reduce effort . The disadvantage
is that a long rope is required . If there are enough rescuers , a lower
mechanical advantage is used to speed up the operation .
Counterbalance technique
This is a counterweight system . The rescuer is on one side ,
the victim on the other . The rescuer unweights the rope on the
victim ’ s side by pulling upward . The victim ascends and the rescuer
descends . The advantage of this system is that it is easy to do with
little equipment . Engaging the counterweight is the step that
demands the most energy . After that , it is important to be careful
to keep the system under control . Beware when there is a
significant weight difference between the rescuer and the victim .